False evidence & public justice - BNS §§ 227-269 vs IPC.
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Summary
False evidence, threats to give false evidence, harbouring, escape from custody, and other public-justice offences.
Elements are largely the same as the IPC chapter on false evidence and public justice. What changes most often is punishment - fixed fine caps, higher maximums, mandatory fine language, and modern references (including electronic records). Good chapter to re-check fine ceilings when drafting charges.
Headlines in this topic
- BNS 237 (IPC 200): Updated explanation reference to align with new section numbers 236 and 237.
- BNS 239 (IPC 202): Introduced specific fine limit of five thousand rupees, absent in IPC 202.
- BNS 240 (IPC 203): Expanded explanatory list of included offenses to cover broader serious crimes under new code.
- BNS 241 (IPC 204): Increased maximum imprisonment from two to three years and added electronic records explicitly.
- BNS 243 (IPC 206): Increased punishment from two to three years; removed “of Justice” qualifier.
- BNS 248 (IPC 211): Increased punishment from two to five years; raised threshold for enhanced penalty to ten years.
- BNS 249 (IPC 212): Added mandatory fine; raised enhanced penalty threshold from seven to ten years.
- BNS 250 (IPC 213): Added mandatory fine; raised enhanced penalty threshold from seven to ten years.
What changed
Only real differences. The IPC column already shows the corresponding old section.
| BNS | IPC | Title | What changed |
|---|---|---|---|
| 227 | IPC 191 | Giving false evidence | In definition or elements. |
| 228 | IPC 192 | Fabricating false evidence | In definition or elements. |
| 231 | IPC 195 | Giving or fabricating false evidence with intent to procure conviction of offence … | In elements or punishment mechanism. |
| 233 | IPC 196 | Using evidence known to be false | In definition or punishment. |
| 234 | IPC 197 | Issuing or signing false certificate | In definition or punishment. |
| 235 | IPC 198 | Using as true a certificate known to be false | In punishment or elements. |
| 236 | IPC 199 | False statement made in declaration which is by law receivable as evidence | Expanded scope to include declarations receivable by any public servant, not just Courts of Justice. |
| 237 | IPC 200 | Using as true such declaration knowing it to be false | Updated explanation reference to align with new section numbers 236 and 237. |
| 238 | IPC 201 | Causing disappearance of evidence of offence, or giving false information to scree… | Added specific punishment tiers for life imprisonment offenses; removed “capital offence” limitation. |
| 239 | IPC 202 | Intentional omission to give information of offence by person bound to inform | Introduced specific fine limit of five thousand rupees, absent in IPC 202. |
| 240 | IPC 203 | Giving false information respecting an offence committed | Expanded explanatory list of included offenses to cover broader serious crimes under new code. |
| 241 | IPC 204 | Destruction of document or electronic record to prevent its production as evidence | Increased maximum imprisonment from two to three years and added electronic records explicitly. |
| 242 | IPC 205 | False personation for purpose of act or proceeding in suit or prosecution | In punishment or elements. |
| 243 | IPC 206 | Fraudulent removal or concealment of property to prevent its seizure as forfeited … | Increased punishment from two to three years; removed “of Justice” qualifier. |
| 246 | IPC 209 | Dishonestly making false claim in Court | Removed “of Justice” qualifier. |
| 248 | IPC 211 | False charge of offence made with intent to injure | Increased punishment from two to five years; raised threshold for enhanced penalty to ten years. |
| 249 | IPC 212 | Harbouring offender | Added mandatory fine; raised enhanced penalty threshold from seven to ten years. |
| 250 | IPC 213 | Taking gift, etc., to screen an offender from punishment | Added mandatory fine; raised enhanced penalty threshold from seven to ten years. |
| 251 | IPC 214 | Offering gift or restoration of property in consideration of screening offender | Consolidated IPC 214(a) and (b) into a single section with tiered punishment based on offence severity. |
| 253 | IPC 216 | Harbouring offender who has escaped from custody or whose apprehension has been or… | Consolidated IPC 216(a) and (b) into single section with tiered punishment based on offence severity. |
Renumbered only
Same idea as the IPC - number map only.
| BNS | IPC | Title | Note |
|---|---|---|---|
| 229 | IPC 193 | Punishment for false evidence | Same substance as IPC. |
| 230 | IPC 194 | Giving or fabricating false evidence with intent to procure conviction of capital … | Same substance as IPC. |
| 232 | IPC 195A | Threatening any person to give false evidence | Same substance as IPC. |
| 244 | IPC 207 | Fraudulent claim to property to prevent its seizure as forfeited or in execution | Same substance as IPC. |
| 245 | IPC 208 | Fraudulently suffering decree for sum not due | Same substance as IPC. |
| 247 | IPC 210 | Fraudulently obtaining decree for sum not due | Same substance as IPC. |
| 252 | IPC 215 | Taking gift to help to recover stolen property, etc | Same substance as IPC. |
| 254 | IPC 216A | Penalty for harbouring robbers or dacoits | Same substance as IPC. |
| 255 | IPC 217 | Public servant disobeying direction of law with intent to save person from punishm… | Same substance as IPC. |
| 256 | IPC 218 | Public servant framing incorrect record or writing with intent to save person from… | Same substance as IPC. |
| 257 | IPC 219 | Public servant in judicial proceeding corruptly making report, etc., contrary to law | Same substance as IPC. |
| 258 | IPC 220 | Commitment for trial or confinement by person having authority who knows that he i… | Same substance as IPC. |
| 259 | IPC 221 | Intentional omission to apprehend on part of public servant bound to apprehend | Same substance as IPC. |
| 260 | IPC 222 | Intentional omission to apprehend on part of public servant bound to apprehend per… | Same substance as IPC. |
| 261 | IPC 223 | Escape from confinement or custody negligently suffered by public servant | Same substance as IPC. |
| 262 | IPC 224 | Resistance or obstruction by a person to his lawful apprehension | Same substance as IPC. |
| 263 | IPC 225 | Resistance or obstruction to lawful apprehension of another person | Same substance as IPC. |
| 264 | IPC 225A | Omission to apprehend, or sufferance of escape, on part of public servant, in case… | Same substance as IPC. |
| 265 | IPC 225B | Resistance or obstruction to lawful apprehension or escape or rescue in cases not … | Same substance as IPC. |
| 266 | IPC 227 | Violation of condition of remission of punishment | Same substance as IPC. |
| 267 | IPC 228 | Intentional insult or interruption to public servant sitting in judicial proceeding | Same substance as IPC. |
| 268 | IPC 229 | Personation of assessor | Same substance as IPC. |
| 269 | IPC 229A | Failure by person released on bail bond or bond to appear in Court | Same substance as IPC. |
Series (by topic)
- Preliminary & punishments (§§ 1-13)
- General exceptions & private defence (§§ 14-44)
- Abetment, conspiracy & attempt (§§ 45-62)
- Offences against woman & child (§§ 63-99)
- Homicide, negligence & organised crime (§§ 100-113)
- Hurt, force, kidnapping & trafficking (§§ 114-146)
- State, forces, elections & currency (§§ 147-188)
- Public order, servants & contempt (§§ 189-226)
- False evidence & public justice (§§ 227-269)
- Public health, safety, morals & religion (§§ 270-302)
- Offences against property (§§ 303-334)
- Documents, intimidation, defamation & repeal (§§ 335-358)