Section 499 of IPC : Section 499: Defamation.

Explanation using Example

Example 1:

Ravi, a journalist, writes an article in a local newspaper claiming that Suresh, a well-known businessman, is involved in fraudulent activities without any substantial evidence. The article is intended to harm Suresh's reputation and causes people to believe that Suresh is dishonest. This act by Ravi can be considered defamation under Section 499 of the Indian Penal Code.

Example 2:

Priya, a member of a local community group, spreads a rumor that the head of the group, Mr. Sharma, has been embezzling funds from the group's treasury. Priya does this knowing that the rumor is false and with the intention of damaging Mr. Sharma's reputation. This false imputation can be considered defamation under Section 499.

Example 3:

Amit, a cartoonist, publishes a cartoon in a magazine depicting a deceased politician in a derogatory manner, suggesting that the politician was corrupt. The cartoon is intended to harm the reputation of the deceased politician and hurt the feelings of his family. This act can be considered defamation under Explanation 1 of Section 499.

Example 4:

A local blogger writes a post suggesting that a well-known charitable organization is involved in illegal activities, without any proof. The post is intended to harm the reputation of the organization and causes people to distrust it. This imputation can be considered defamation under Explanation 2 of Section 499.

Example 5:

Sunita, a social media influencer, posts a sarcastic comment about her colleague, Raj, implying that he is incompetent at his job. The comment is intended to be ironic but causes others to believe that Raj is indeed incompetent. This can be considered defamation under Explanation 3 of Section 499.

Example 6:

Manoj, a teacher, tells his students that their classmate, Anil, has a contagious disease, knowing that it is not true. This statement causes other students to avoid Anil and lowers his reputation among his peers. This act can be considered defamation under Explanation 4 of Section 499.