Section 475 of IPC : Section 475: Counterfeiting device or mark used for authenticating documents described in section 467, or possessing counterfeit marked material

Explanation using Example

Example 1:

Ravi, a businessman, wants to secure a large loan from a bank. However, his financial documents are not strong enough to get the loan approved. Ravi decides to forge a property deed to show that he owns a valuable piece of land. To make the forged deed look authentic, he counterfeits the official seal of the land registry office on the document. When the bank verifies the deed, they initially believe it to be genuine because of the counterfeit seal. However, upon further investigation, the forgery is discovered. Ravi is then charged under Section 475 of the Indian Penal Code for counterfeiting the seal used to authenticate the property deed.

Example 2:

Priya, an employee at a government office, comes across a blank certificate paper that has the official watermark and seal used for issuing birth certificates. She decides to take the blank certificate home with the intent to forge a birth certificate for her friend, who needs it for school admission. Priya plans to fill in the details and use the counterfeit certificate to make it appear authentic. Before she can complete the forgery, the authorities discover the blank certificate with the counterfeit watermark and seal in her possession. Priya is then charged under Section 475 of the Indian Penal Code for possessing material with a counterfeit mark intended to authenticate a forged document.