Section 464 of IPC : Section 464: Making a false document

Explanation using Example

Example 1:

Ravi, a businessman, wants to secure a loan from a bank. He creates a fake property document showing that he owns a piece of land worth ₹50 lakhs. He signs the document himself but makes it appear as if it was signed by the local municipal authority. Ravi submits this document to the bank to get the loan. Here, Ravi has committed forgery by making a false document with the intention of deceiving the bank.

Example 2:

Priya, an employee at a software company, wants to get a promotion. She hacks into the company's email system and sends an email to the HR department from her manager's email account, recommending herself for the promotion. She also attaches a fake performance review document, which she has signed using her manager's digital signature. Priya has committed forgery by making a false electronic record and affixing a false electronic signature.

Example 3:

Manoj finds a blank cheque signed by his friend, Suresh. Without Suresh's knowledge, Manoj fills in the amount of ₹1 lakh and deposits it into his own bank account. Manoj has committed forgery by altering a document in a material part without lawful authority.

Example 4:

Sunita, a real estate agent, convinces an elderly client, Mr. Sharma, who is suffering from dementia, to sign a property transfer document. Sunita tells Mr. Sharma that the document is just a routine formality, but in reality, it transfers ownership of Mr. Sharma's house to Sunita. Sunita has committed forgery by causing Mr. Sharma to sign a document through deception.

Example 5:

Rajesh, a student, wants to get a scholarship. He creates a fake letter of recommendation from a well-known professor, forging the professor's signature. Rajesh submits this letter along with his scholarship application. Rajesh has committed forgery by making a false document with the intention of deceiving the scholarship committee.

Example 6:

Anita, a lawyer, finds an old will of her deceased client, Mr. Verma, which states that his property should be divided equally among his three children. Anita dishonestly alters the will by removing the name of one of the children, making it appear that the property should only be divided between the remaining two children. Anita has committed forgery by altering a document in a material part.

Example 7:

Vikram, a contractor, wants to win a government tender. He creates a fake bank guarantee document showing that he has sufficient funds to complete the project. He signs the document himself but makes it appear as if it was issued by a reputable bank. Vikram submits this document along with his tender application. Vikram has committed forgery by making a false document with the intention of deceiving the government authorities.

Example 8:

Meena, an accountant, wants to embezzle funds from her company. She creates a fake invoice from a non-existent supplier and signs it using the company's digital signature. Meena submits this invoice for payment, intending to transfer the funds to her own account. Meena has committed forgery by making a false electronic record and affixing a false electronic signature.

Example 9:

Arjun, a tenant, wants to avoid paying rent. He creates a fake rent receipt showing that he has already paid the rent for the next six months. He signs the receipt himself but makes it appear as if it was signed by the landlord. Arjun presents this receipt to the landlord when asked for rent. Arjun has committed forgery by making a false document with the intention of deceiving the landlord.

Example 10:

Kavita, a job applicant, wants to secure a high-paying job. She creates a fake experience certificate from a reputed company, forging the HR manager's signature. Kavita submits this certificate along with her job application. Kavita has committed forgery by making a false document with the intention of deceiving the potential employer.