Section 300 of IPC : Section 300: Murder. Or When culpable homicide is not murder

Explanation using Example

Example 1:

Ravi and Suresh have a heated argument over a property dispute. In a fit of rage, Ravi picks up a knife and stabs Suresh in the chest, intending to kill him. Suresh dies on the spot. Here, Ravi's act of stabbing Suresh with the intention to kill him constitutes murder under Section 300 of the Indian Penal Code.

Example 2:

Anil knows that his neighbor, Raj, has a severe heart condition. During a heated argument, Anil punches Raj in the chest, knowing that such a blow is likely to cause Raj's death due to his heart condition. Raj dies as a result of the punch. Anil is guilty of murder because he knew that the bodily injury he inflicted was likely to cause death.

Example 3:

During a festival, Vijay fires a gun into the air to celebrate. The bullet accidentally hits and kills a bystander, Ramesh. Although Vijay did not intend to kill anyone, he is guilty of murder because he committed an act so imminently dangerous that it was likely to cause death, and he did so without any excuse.

Example 4:

Sunil is provoked by his neighbor, Manoj, who insults Sunil's family. In a sudden fit of rage, Sunil picks up a stone and throws it at Manoj, hitting him on the head and causing his death. Here, Sunil's act may be considered culpable homicide not amounting to murder, as it was done under grave and sudden provocation.

Example 5:

During a robbery, a security guard, Rakesh, tries to stop the robbers. One of the robbers, Arjun, in the exercise of his right of private defense, shoots Rakesh, believing it to be necessary to protect himself. However, Arjun exceeds the power given to him by law and causes Rakesh's death. Arjun may be guilty of culpable homicide not amounting to murder.

Example 6:

A police officer, Inspector Sharma, is chasing a suspect, Vikram, who is believed to be armed and dangerous. In the heat of the moment, Inspector Sharma shoots Vikram, believing it to be necessary to prevent him from escaping. However, it turns out that Vikram was unarmed. Inspector Sharma may be guilty of culpable homicide not amounting to murder, as he exceeded his powers in good faith.

Example 7:

During a street fight, Rohan and Mohan get into a sudden quarrel. In the heat of passion, Rohan picks up a stick and hits Mohan on the head, causing his death. Since the act was committed without premeditation and in a sudden fight, Rohan may be guilty of culpable homicide not amounting to murder.

Example 8:

A terminally ill patient, aged 19, consents to euthanasia and asks his friend, Dr. Mehta, to administer a lethal dose of medication. Dr. Mehta complies, and the patient dies. Here, Dr. Mehta may not be guilty of murder, as the patient, being above 18 years of age, consented to the risk of death.