Section 194 of IPC : Section 194: Giving or fabricating false evidence with intent to procure conviction of capital offence. When if innocent person be thereby convicted and executed

Explanation using Example

Example 1:

Ravi and Suresh have a long-standing business rivalry. Ravi decides to eliminate Suresh by framing him for a murder he did not commit. Ravi bribes a witness, Anil, to testify falsely in court that he saw Suresh committing the murder. Based on Anil's false testimony, Suresh is convicted of the murder, which is a capital offence in India. Suresh is sentenced to death and subsequently executed. Later, it is discovered that Anil's testimony was fabricated. Under Section 194 of the Indian Penal Code, Ravi and Anil can be charged with giving false evidence with the intent to procure the conviction of a capital offence. Since Suresh was executed, Ravi and Anil could face the death penalty or life imprisonment.

Example 2:

Priya and Meera are neighbors who have a personal grudge against each other. Priya decides to falsely accuse Meera of being involved in a terrorist attack, which is a capital offence. Priya plants fake evidence in Meera's house and convinces another neighbor, Raj, to support her false claims in court. Based on the fabricated evidence and Raj's false testimony, Meera is wrongfully convicted and sentenced to death. After Meera's execution, new evidence comes to light proving her innocence and exposing the false evidence and testimony. Under Section 194 of the Indian Penal Code, Priya and Raj can be prosecuted for fabricating false evidence with the intent to procure the conviction of a capital offence. Given that Meera was executed, Priya and Raj could be sentenced to death or life imprisonment.