Section 109 of IPC : Section 109: Punishment of abetment if the act abetted is committed in consequence and where no express provision is made for its punishment

Explanation using Example

Example 1:

Rahul and Suresh are friends. Rahul, who has a grudge against their mutual friend, Anil, instigates Suresh to vandalize Anil's car. Rahul tells Suresh that Anil has been spreading false rumors about him. Suresh, influenced by Rahul's instigation, goes ahead and damages Anil's car. In this scenario, Rahul has abetted the offence of vandalism. Since Suresh committed the act in consequence of Rahul's instigation, Rahul will be punished with the same punishment as Suresh for the offence of vandalism.

Example 2:

Priya and Meena conspire to steal jewelry from a local shop. Priya devises the plan and provides Meena with the tools needed to break into the shop. Meena, following the plan, successfully steals the jewelry. In this case, Priya has abetted the offence of theft by conspiracy. Since Meena committed the theft in pursuance of their conspiracy, Priya will be liable to the same punishment as Meena for the offence of theft.

Example 3:

Ravi, a businessman, offers a bribe to a government official, Mr. Sharma, to expedite the approval of his business license. Mr. Sharma accepts the bribe and processes Ravi's application faster than usual. Here, Ravi has abetted the offence of bribery. Since Mr. Sharma accepted the bribe in consequence of Ravi's offer, Ravi will be punished with the same punishment as Mr. Sharma for the offence of bribery.

Example 4:

Arjun and Vikram plan to cheat in their college exams. Arjun suggests the idea and provides Vikram with the answers to the exam questions. Vikram, following Arjun's plan, uses the answers during the exam and gets caught. In this situation, Arjun has abetted the offence of cheating. Since Vikram committed the act in consequence of Arjun's instigation, Arjun will be liable to the same punishment as Vikram for the offence of cheating.