Article 341 of CoI : Article 341: Scheduled Castes.

Explanation using Example

Example 1:

Ravi, a resident of Uttar Pradesh, belongs to a community that has historically faced social discrimination. His community is listed as a Scheduled Caste (SC) in the public notification issued by the President of India. This means Ravi is eligible for certain benefits and protections under the Indian Constitution, such as reservation in educational institutions and government jobs. If Ravi applies for a government job, he can avail of the reservation quota for Scheduled Castes, which increases his chances of securing employment.

Example 2:

Meena, from Tamil Nadu, belongs to a community that is not currently listed as a Scheduled Caste in the state. However, her community has been facing social and economic hardships similar to those faced by other Scheduled Castes. The community leaders petition the state government to include their community in the Scheduled Castes list. After consultation with the Governor, the President issues a public notification including Meena's community in the Scheduled Castes list for Tamil Nadu. Now, Meena and others from her community can benefit from the reservations and protections provided to Scheduled Castes.

Example 3:

Parliament reviews the list of Scheduled Castes and finds that a particular community in Maharashtra, previously listed as a Scheduled Caste, has significantly improved its socio-economic status and no longer faces the same level of discrimination. Parliament passes a law to exclude this community from the Scheduled Castes list. As a result, members of this community will no longer be eligible for the specific benefits and protections reserved for Scheduled Castes.

Example 4:

An NGO in Karnataka conducts a study and finds that a small tribal group within a larger Scheduled Caste community is not receiving the benefits intended for them due to lack of awareness and administrative oversight. The NGO petitions the state government to recognize this subgroup separately. After consultation with the Governor, the President issues a public notification specifying this subgroup as a distinct entity within the Scheduled Castes list for Karnataka. This ensures that the subgroup receives targeted benefits and protections.

Example 5:

A new Union Territory is created, and the President needs to specify which castes, races, or tribes will be considered Scheduled Castes in this new territory. After consulting with the administrators of the Union Territory, the President issues a public notification listing the relevant communities. This ensures that the Scheduled Castes in the new Union Territory receive the same constitutional protections and benefits as those in other states and territories.