Article 139 of CoI : Article 139: Conferment on the Supreme Court of powers to issue certain writs.

Explanation using Example

Example 1:

Ravi, a resident of Delhi, is detained by the police without any formal charges or trial. His family believes that his detention is illegal and violates his fundamental rights. They approach the Supreme Court under Article 139, seeking a writ of habeas corpus. The Supreme Court, empowered by Article 139, issues a writ of habeas corpus, directing the police to produce Ravi before the court and justify his detention. If the police fail to provide a valid reason, Ravi must be released immediately.

Example 2:

A public interest group discovers that a government official, Mr. Sharma, is holding a public office without the necessary qualifications required by law. They file a petition in the Supreme Court under Article 139, requesting a writ of quo warranto. The Supreme Court, using its powers under Article 139, issues a writ of quo warranto, asking Mr. Sharma to show by what authority he holds the office. If Mr. Sharma cannot prove his eligibility, he will be removed from the position.

Example 3:

A non-profit organization finds that a government agency is not fulfilling its legal duties to provide clean drinking water to a village in Maharashtra. They approach the Supreme Court under Article 139, seeking a writ of mandamus. The Supreme Court, empowered by Article 139, issues a writ of mandamus, directing the government agency to take immediate action to ensure the supply of clean drinking water to the village.

Example 4:

A company in Bangalore is operating a factory that is causing severe environmental pollution, violating environmental laws. A local environmental group files a petition in the Supreme Court under Article 139, seeking a writ of prohibition. The Supreme Court, using its powers under Article 139, issues a writ of prohibition, ordering the company to stop its polluting activities until it complies with environmental regulations.

Example 5:

A citizen of Kolkata discovers that a lower court has passed a judgment without following proper legal procedures, causing a miscarriage of justice. They approach the Supreme Court under Article 139, seeking a writ of certiorari. The Supreme Court, empowered by Article 139, issues a writ of certiorari, calling for the records of the lower court's proceedings and quashing the improper judgment.