Article 111 of CoI : Article 111: Assent to Bills.

Explanation using Example

Example 1:

Scenario: The Parliament passes a new Education Bill aimed at reforming the education system in India.

1. Step 1: The Bill is debated and passed by both the Lok Sabha (House of the People) and the Rajya Sabha (Council of States).
2. Step 2: The Bill is then presented to the President of India for assent.
3. Step 3: The President reviews the Bill and decides to withhold assent, citing concerns about certain provisions that may not be in the best interest of the public.
4. Step 4: The President returns the Bill to the Parliament with a message requesting reconsideration of specific provisions and suggesting amendments.
5. Step 5: The Parliament reconsiders the Bill, makes the suggested amendments, and passes it again.
6. Step 6: The amended Bill is presented to the President once more.
7. Step 7: This time, the President gives assent to the Bill, and it becomes law.

Example 2:

Scenario: The Parliament passes a new Environmental Protection Bill to address pollution and climate change.

1. Step 1: The Bill is passed by both the Lok Sabha and the Rajya Sabha.
2. Step 2: The Bill is presented to the President for assent.
3. Step 3: The President reviews the Bill and decides to return it to the Parliament, requesting reconsideration of a provision that imposes heavy fines on small businesses for minor environmental violations.
4. Step 4: The Parliament reconsiders the Bill and decides to amend the provision to include a tiered fine system based on the severity of the violation.
5. Step 5: The amended Bill is passed again by both Houses and presented to the President.
6. Step 6: The President gives assent to the amended Bill, and it becomes law.

Example 3:

Scenario: The Parliament passes a Money Bill related to the annual budget.

1. Step 1: The Money Bill is passed by the Lok Sabha and sent to the Rajya Sabha for recommendations.
2. Step 2: The Rajya Sabha makes recommendations, but the Lok Sabha is not bound to accept them.
3. Step 3: The Bill is then presented to the President for assent.
4. Step 4: Since it is a Money Bill, the President cannot return it for reconsideration.
5. Step 5: The President gives assent to the Bill, and it becomes law, enabling the government to implement the budget.

Example 4:

Scenario: The Parliament passes a Health Care Bill to improve public health services.

1. Step 1: The Bill is passed by both the Lok Sabha and the Rajya Sabha.
2. Step 2: The Bill is presented to the President for assent.
3. Step 3: The President reviews the Bill and decides to return it to the Parliament, requesting reconsideration of a provision that mandates compulsory health insurance for all citizens.
4. Step 4: The Parliament reconsiders the Bill and decides to amend the provision to make health insurance optional but highly recommended.
5. Step 5: The amended Bill is passed again by both Houses and presented to the President.
6. Step 6: The President gives assent to the amended Bill, and it becomes law.

Example 5:

Scenario: The Parliament passes a Digital Privacy Bill to protect citizens' online data.

1. Step 1: The Bill is passed by both the Lok Sabha and the Rajya Sabha.
2. Step 2: The Bill is presented to the President for assent.
3. Step 3: The President reviews the Bill and decides to withhold assent, citing concerns about the lack of provisions for government accountability.
4. Step 4: The President returns the Bill to the Parliament with a message requesting the inclusion of specific amendments to address these concerns.
5. Step 5: The Parliament reconsiders the Bill, makes the suggested amendments, and passes it again.
6. Step 6: The amended Bill is presented to the President once more.
7. Step 7: The President gives assent to the Bill, and it becomes law, ensuring better protection of citizens' online data.