Article 108 of CoI : Article 108: Joint sitting of both Houses in certain cases.

Explanation using Example

Example 1:

Scenario: The Lok Sabha (House of the People) passes a Bill aimed at improving road safety regulations. The Bill is then sent to the Rajya Sabha (Council of States) for approval.

• Step 1: The Rajya Sabha rejects the Bill outright.
• Step 2: The President of India, noticing the deadlock, decides to intervene. He notifies both Houses of his intention to call a joint sitting.
• Step 3: A joint sitting of both the Lok Sabha and the Rajya Sabha is convened.
• Step 4: During the joint sitting, members from both Houses deliberate on the Bill. Some amendments are proposed and agreed upon.
• Step 5: The Bill, with the agreed amendments, is put to vote and is passed by a majority of the members present and voting.
• Outcome: The Bill is deemed to have been passed by both Houses and is sent to the President for assent, after which it becomes law.

Example 2:

Scenario: The Lok Sabha passes a Bill to regulate digital currencies. The Bill is then sent to the Rajya Sabha.

• Step 1: The Rajya Sabha proposes several amendments to the Bill and sends it back to the Lok Sabha.
• Step 2: The Lok Sabha disagrees with the amendments proposed by the Rajya Sabha and sends the Bill back without incorporating those changes.
• Step 3: More than six months pass without any resolution between the two Houses.
• Step 4: The President of India, observing the prolonged deadlock, notifies both Houses of his intention to call a joint sitting.
• Step 5: A joint sitting is convened where members from both Houses discuss the Bill and the proposed amendments.
• Step 6: The Bill, with some amendments agreed upon during the joint sitting, is put to vote and is passed by a majority of the members present and voting.
• Outcome: The Bill is considered to have been passed by both Houses and is sent to the President for assent, after which it becomes law.

Example 3:

Scenario: The Lok Sabha passes a Bill on environmental protection and sends it to the Rajya Sabha.

• Step 1: The Rajya Sabha neither rejects the Bill nor passes it within six months.
• Step 2: The President of India, noting the inaction, notifies both Houses of his intention to call a joint sitting.
• Step 3: A joint sitting is convened where members from both Houses deliberate on the Bill.
• Step 4: The Bill, with necessary amendments agreed upon during the joint sitting, is put to vote and is passed by a majority of the members present and voting.
• Outcome: The Bill is deemed to have been passed by both Houses and is sent to the President for assent, after which it becomes law.