Article 25 of CoI : Article 25: Freedom of conscience and free profession, practice and propagation of religion.

Explanation using Example

Example 1:

Ravi, a Hindu, decides to open a small temple in his village where he can practice and propagate his religious beliefs. According to Article 25 of the Constitution of India, Ravi has the right to freely profess, practice, and propagate his religion. However, he must ensure that his activities do not disrupt public order, morality, or health. For instance, if Ravi's temple activities involve loud chanting late at night, the local authorities can regulate this to maintain public order.

Example 2:

A Sikh student named Harpreet wants to wear a kirpan (a ceremonial sword) to his school as part of his religious practice. According to Explanation I of Article 25, the wearing and carrying of kirpans is included in the profession of the Sikh religion. Therefore, Harpreet has the right to wear his kirpan to school, provided it does not pose a threat to public safety or order.

Example 3:

The government decides to implement a law that regulates the financial transactions of religious institutions to prevent money laundering. According to clause (2)(a) of Article 25, the State has the authority to regulate or restrict any economic, financial, political, or other secular activity associated with religious practice. This means that while religious institutions can continue their religious activities, their financial dealings can be regulated by the government to ensure transparency and legality.

Example 4:

A Jain community wants to open a public temple that welcomes all sections of society, including people from different castes and backgrounds. According to clause (2)(b) of Article 25, the State can make laws to ensure that Hindu religious institutions of a public character are open to all classes and sections of Hindus. This clause is also applicable to Jains, as per Explanation II, which means the temple must be accessible to everyone, promoting social welfare and reform.

Example 5:

A Buddhist monk named Tenzin wants to propagate his religion by distributing pamphlets and holding public talks in a park. According to Article 25, Tenzin has the right to propagate his religion. However, he must ensure that his activities do not disturb public order or violate any local regulations regarding the use of public spaces. If his activities are peaceful and do not cause any disruption, he is within his rights to continue.

Example 6:

The government introduces a law that mandates all religious institutions to provide basic amenities like clean drinking water and sanitation facilities to visitors. According to clause (2)(b) of Article 25, the State can make laws for social welfare and reform. This law ensures that religious institutions maintain a certain standard of hygiene and public health, benefiting all visitors regardless of their religion.