Article 19 of CoI : Article 19: Protection of certain rights regarding freedom of speech, etc.

Explanation using Example

Example 1:

Scenario: Freedom of Speech and Expression

Situation: Ramesh, a journalist, writes an article criticizing the government's handling of a recent flood disaster. He publishes the article in a national newspaper.

Application of Article 19(1)(a): Ramesh is exercising his right to freedom of speech and expression by writing and publishing the article. This right is protected under Article 19(1)(a) of the Constitution of India.

Limitations: If Ramesh's article includes false information that incites violence or disrupts public order, the government can impose reasonable restrictions under Article 19(2) to maintain public order and security.

Example 2:

Scenario: Right to Assemble Peaceably and Without Arms

Situation: A group of environmental activists plans a peaceful protest in Delhi to raise awareness about climate change. They gather in a public park without any weapons.

Application of Article 19(1)(b): The activists are exercising their right to assemble peaceably and without arms, as guaranteed by Article 19(1)(b) of the Constitution of India.

Limitations: If the protest turns violent or disrupts public order, the government can impose reasonable restrictions under Article 19(3) to ensure public safety and order.

Example 3:

Scenario: Right to Form Associations or Unions

Situation: A group of teachers in Mumbai decides to form a teachers' union to advocate for better working conditions and salaries.

Application of Article 19(1)(c): The teachers are exercising their right to form associations or unions, as protected by Article 19(1)(c) of the Constitution of India.

Limitations: If the union engages in activities that threaten the sovereignty and integrity of India or public order, the government can impose reasonable restrictions under Article 19(4).

Example 4:

Scenario: Right to Move Freely Throughout the Territory of India

Situation: Priya, a software engineer from Chennai, gets a job offer in Bangalore and decides to move there for better career opportunities.

Application of Article 19(1)(d): Priya is exercising her right to move freely throughout the territory of India, as guaranteed by Article 19(1)(d) of the Constitution of India.

Limitations: If there are specific laws in place to protect the interests of Scheduled Tribes in certain areas, Priya may face reasonable restrictions under Article 19(5).

Example 5:

Scenario: Right to Practise Any Profession, or to Carry on Any Occupation, Trade or Business

Situation: Anil, a qualified doctor, decides to open his own clinic in his hometown.

Application of Article 19(1)(g): Anil is exercising his right to practise any profession or to carry on any occupation, trade, or business, as protected by Article 19(1)(g) of the Constitution of India.

Limitations: Anil must meet the professional or technical qualifications necessary for practising as a doctor. The government can impose reasonable restrictions under Article 19(6) to ensure public health and safety.