Article 23 of CoI : Article 23: Prohibition of traffic in human beings and forced labour.

Explanation using Example

Example 1:

Rahul is a 14-year-old boy from a small village in Uttar Pradesh. He was promised a good job in a city by a local agent. However, once he reached the city, he was forced to work in a factory under terrible conditions without pay. His movements were restricted, and he was not allowed to leave. This situation falls under the prohibition of human trafficking and forced labour as per Article 23(1) of the Constitution of India. Rahul’s parents reported the case to the local authorities, leading to the rescue of Rahul and the arrest of the traffickers, who were then prosecuted under the law.

Example 2:

In a rural area of Bihar, a large landowner forces villagers to work on his fields without any wages, using threats of violence to ensure compliance. This practice is known as 'begar' and is explicitly prohibited under Article 23(1) of the Constitution of India. Upon investigation by a non-governmental organization (NGO), the case is brought to the attention of the police, who take action against the landowner. The villagers are freed from the forced labour, and the landowner is charged and punished according to the law.

Example 3:

During a natural disaster in Kerala, the state government requires able-bodied citizens to assist in rescue operations and rebuilding efforts. The government issues a directive mandating participation in these public services. This compulsory service is legal under Article 23(2) of the Constitution of India, as it is for public purposes and does not discriminate based on religion, race, caste, or class.

Example 4:

An organized crime syndicate is involved in the trafficking of women from Nepal to India, forcing them into prostitution in major cities. Law enforcement agencies, upon receiving intelligence, conduct raids and rescue the victims. The traffickers are arrested and charged under the provisions of Article 23(1) of the Constitution of India, which prohibits trafficking in human beings and forced labour. The victims are provided with rehabilitation and support services to reintegrate into society.