Article 4 of CoI : Article 4: Laws made under articles 2 and 3 to provide for the amendment of the First and the Fourth Schedules and supplemental, incidental and consequential matters.

Explanation using Example

Example 1:

The Indian Parliament decides to create a new state by bifurcating an existing state, say, Andhra Pradesh, into two states: Andhra Pradesh and Telangana. This action is taken under Article 3 of the Constitution of India. To implement this change, the Parliament passes a law that includes amendments to the First Schedule (which lists all the states and union territories of India) to add Telangana as a new state and modify the boundaries of Andhra Pradesh.

Additionally, the law includes amendments to the Fourth Schedule to adjust the representation of these states in the Rajya Sabha (Council of States). The law also contains supplemental provisions, such as the allocation of assets and liabilities between the two states, and incidental provisions, such as the establishment of a new High Court for Telangana.

Example 2:

The Indian Parliament decides to merge two Union Territories, Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu, into a single Union Territory. This action is taken under Article 2 of the Constitution of India. To implement this change, the Parliament passes a law that includes amendments to the First Schedule to reflect the new Union Territory's name and boundaries.

The law also includes provisions for the representation of the new Union Territory in the Lok Sabha (House of the People) and any necessary changes to the Fourth Schedule regarding representation in the Rajya Sabha. Additionally, the law contains incidental provisions, such as the integration of administrative services and the reorganization of local governance structures.

Example 3:

The Indian Parliament decides to alter the boundaries of an existing state, say, West Bengal, to include a part of a neighboring state, say, Bihar. This action is taken under Article 3 of the Constitution of India. To implement this change, the Parliament passes a law that includes amendments to the First Schedule to reflect the new boundaries of West Bengal and Bihar.

The law also includes provisions for the representation of the altered states in the Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha, ensuring that the changes in population and territory are accurately represented. Additionally, the law contains supplemental provisions, such as the transfer of administrative control and resources, and incidental provisions, such as the adjustment of electoral constituencies.

Example 4:

The Indian Parliament decides to rename an existing state, say, Orissa to Odisha. This action is taken under Article 3 of the Constitution of India. To implement this change, the Parliament passes a law that includes amendments to the First Schedule to reflect the new name of the state.

The law also includes provisions for updating all official documents, records, and representations in the Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha to reflect the new name. Additionally, the law contains incidental provisions, such as the modification of state symbols, seals, and other identifiers to align with the new name.