Section 30 of SOGA : Section 30: Seller Or Buyer In Possession After Sale

Explanation using Example

Example Scenario for Section 30(1):

Imagine Bob sells a laptop to Alice, but the laptop is still in Bob's possession because Alice has asked him to install specific software before she picks it up. Meanwhile, Bob sells the same laptop to Charlie, who has no idea about the previous sale and buys the laptop in good faith. According to Section 30(1) of The Sale of Goods Act, 1930, Charlie's purchase is valid as if Bob was authorised to sell the laptop to him, even though Bob was not the owner at the time of the second sale.

Example Scenario for Section 30(2):

Let's say Alice buys a refrigerator from a store and takes it home, but the full payment is to be made in installments. After taking possession of the refrigerator, Alice decides to sell it to her friend, Dan, without telling him about the installment plan. Dan buys the refrigerator in good faith, unaware of the store's remaining financial interest in the product. Under Section 30(2), Dan's purchase is protected, and the store's lien or right on the refrigerator does not affect his ownership, as if the lien did not exist.