Section 18 of SOGA : Section 18: Goods Must Be Ascertained

Explanation using Example

Imagine John orders 100 custom-made shirts from a manufacturer. The shirts are yet to be made and are therefore considered 'unascertained goods' as they are not specifically identified at the time of the contract. According to Section 18 of The Sale of Goods Act, 1930, the ownership of these shirts does not pass to John until the shirts are made (ascertained) and set aside for his order. If the manufacturer goes bankrupt before the shirts are made, John cannot claim any shirts as his property had not yet transferred to him.