The National Judicial Appointments Commission Act, 2014

The National Judicial Appointments Commission Act, 2014 was passed by the Indian Parliament to replace the collegium system of appointing judges in the higher judiciary. The Act established the National Judicial Appointments Commission (NJAC) as the new body responsible for the appointment and transfer of judges in the Supreme Court and high courts. The NJAC consists of the Chief Justice of India, two senior-most judges of the Supreme Court, the Union Minister of Law and Justice, and two eminent persons nominated by a committee comprising the Prime Minister, the Chief Justice of India, and the Leader of the Opposition in the Lok Sabha. The Act has been a topic of controversy as it was challenged by various petitions on grounds of constitutionality, resulting in the Supreme Court striking down the NJAC as unconstitutional and reviving the collegium system of appointing judges.