Section 163 of IEA : Section 163: Giving, as evidence, of document called for and produced on notice.

Explanation using Example

Example 1:

Scenario: A civil dispute over property ownership.

Details:

• Mr. Sharma (Plaintiff) files a lawsuit against Mr. Verma (Defendant) claiming ownership of a piece of land.
• Mr. Sharma believes that a particular sale deed from 1995, which is in Mr. Verma's possession, will support his claim.
• Mr. Sharma sends a legal notice to Mr. Verma requesting the production of the 1995 sale deed in court.
• Mr. Verma produces the sale deed in court as requested.
• Mr. Sharma inspects the document and finds it relevant to his case.
• Mr. Verma then requests that Mr. Sharma submit the sale deed as evidence in the court proceedings.

Application of Section 163:

• Since Mr. Sharma called for the document and inspected it, he is now legally bound to present the sale deed as evidence in court if Mr. Verma requires him to do so.

Example 2:

Scenario: A criminal case involving a disputed contract.

Details:

• Ms. Gupta (Prosecutor) is prosecuting Mr. Singh (Defendant) for fraud related to a business contract.
• Ms. Gupta believes that an original contract document, which is in Mr. Singh's possession, will prove the fraudulent activity.
• Ms. Gupta sends a formal notice to Mr. Singh to produce the original contract document in court.
• Mr. Singh complies and brings the original contract document to court.
• Ms. Gupta inspects the document and finds it crucial for proving the fraud.
• Mr. Singh then requests that Ms. Gupta submit the original contract document as evidence in the trial.

Application of Section 163:

• Since Ms. Gupta called for the document and inspected it, she is now legally obligated to present the original contract document as evidence in court if Mr. Singh requires her to do so.