Section 138 of IEA : Section 138: Order of examinations.

Explanation using Example

Example 1:

Scenario: A car accident case in a civil court.

Examination-in-Chief: Ravi, a witness to the car accident, is called by the plaintiff's lawyer. The lawyer asks Ravi to describe what he saw on the day of the accident. Ravi explains that he saw the defendant's car speeding and hitting the plaintiff's car at an intersection.

Cross-Examination: The defendant's lawyer then cross-examines Ravi. The lawyer asks Ravi questions about his location at the time of the accident, his ability to see clearly, and whether he had any prior relationship with the plaintiff. The lawyer also questions Ravi about any distractions he might have had, such as using his phone.

Re-Examination: The plaintiff's lawyer then re-examines Ravi to clarify points raised during the cross-examination. The lawyer asks Ravi to explain why he was certain about the speed of the defendant's car and to confirm that he had a clear view of the accident. If the court permits, the plaintiff's lawyer may introduce new evidence, such as Ravi's statement to the police immediately after the accident. The defendant's lawyer can then further cross-examine Ravi on this new evidence.

Example 2:

Scenario: A theft case in a criminal court.

Examination-in-Chief: Sunita, a shopkeeper, is called by the prosecution as a witness. The prosecutor asks Sunita to describe the events of the day when the the...

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