Rule 1 of CPC : Rule 1: Scope of and classes of suits to which this Order applies.

Explanation using Example

Example 1:

Scenario: A company, ABC Pvt. Ltd., supplies machinery to XYZ Ltd. under a commercial contract. XYZ Ltd. fails to make the payment as per the agreed terms. ABC Pvt. Ltd. decides to file a suit for recovery of the outstanding amount.

Application of the Act: ABC Pvt. Ltd. files a claim in the court under Order XIII-A for a summary judgment, arguing that the case is straightforward and does not require oral evidence. The court, after reviewing the documents and the contract, decides that there is no need for a full trial and grants a summary judgment in favor of ABC Pvt. Ltd., ordering XYZ Ltd. to pay the outstanding amount.

Example 2:

Scenario: DEF Ltd. and GHI Ltd. enter into a contract for the supply of raw materials. DEF Ltd. alleges that GHI Ltd. delivered substandard materials and files a counterclaim for damages.

Application of the Act: GHI Ltd. initially files a claim for the payment of the supplied materials. DEF Ltd. responds with a counterclaim for damages due to the substandard quality. Under Order XIII-A, the court decides to handle the counterclaim through a summary judgment procedure. After examining the evidence presented in documents, the court finds that the materials were indeed substandard and awards damages to DE...

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