Rule 15 of CPC : Rule 15: Verification of pleadings.

Explanation using Example

Example 1:

Scenario: Ramesh files a civil suit against Suresh for breach of contract.

Application of Rule 15:

1. Verification by Ramesh: Ramesh, the plaintiff, must verify the pleading (the written statement of his case) at the end of the document. He can do this himself or have someone else who knows the facts of the case verify it.
2. Specificity in Verification: Ramesh must specify which parts of the pleading he verifies based on his own knowledge and which parts he verifies based on information he received and believes to be true. For example, he might state, "Paragraphs 1-5 are verified by me based on my own knowledge, and paragraphs 6-10 are verified based on information received and believed to be true."
3. Signature and Date: Ramesh must sign the verification and include the date and place where he signed it.
4. Affidavit: Ramesh must also provide an affidavit supporting his pleadings, affirming that the statements made in the pleading are true to the best of his knowledge and belief.

Example 2:

Scenario: Priya is involved in a commercial dispute with a company over a business contract.

Application of Rule 15A:

1. Verification by Affidavit: Priya must verify her pleading by an affidavit in the manner and form prescribed in the Appendix to the Schedule. This is mandatory for commercial disputes.
2. Authorized Person: If Priya cannot verify the pleading herself, she can have someone else who is familiar with the facts of the case and authorized by her to do so. For instance, her business manager, who is well-acquainted with the cont...

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