Section 230 of BNS : Section 230: Giving or fabricating false evidence with intent to procure conviction of capital offence.

Explanation using Example

Example 1:

Ravi and Suresh have a long-standing business rivalry. Ravi, wanting to eliminate Suresh from the competition, decides to frame him for a murder. Ravi bribes a witness, Anil, to testify falsely in court that he saw Suresh committing the murder. Anil, knowing that his testimony is false, agrees and provides fabricated evidence. Based on Anil's false testimony, Suresh is convicted of murder, a capital offence in India. Later, it is discovered that Anil's evidence was fabricated. Under Section 230 of The Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita 2023, Anil can be punished with life imprisonment or rigorous imprisonment for up to ten years, and a fine up to fifty thousand rupees. If Suresh had been executed based on this false evidence, Anil could face the death penalty or the same punishment as mentioned above.

Example 2:

Priya is involved in a property dispute with her neighbor, Meera. To win the case, Priya decides to falsely accuse Meera of a serious crime, such as terrorism, which is a capital offence. Priya convinces her friend, Raj, to create fake documents and provide false testimony in court, claiming that he saw Meera planning a terrorist attack. Raj, aware that his evidence is false, agrees to help Priya. Meera is wrongfully convicted and sentenced to death based on Raj's false evidence. After Meera's execution, it is revealed that the evidence was fabricated. Under Section 230 of The Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita 2023, Raj can be punished with the death penalty or life imprisonment, or rigorous imprisonment for up to ten years, along with a fine up to fifty thousand rupees.