Section 190 of BNS : Section 190: Every member of unlawful assembly guilty of offence committed in prosecution of common object.

Explanation using Example

Example 1:

A group of 20 people gathers to protest against a local government decision. The protest turns violent, and some members of the group start vandalizing public property, breaking windows, and setting vehicles on fire. Even though not all members of the group actively participated in the vandalism, under Section 190 of The Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita 2023, every member of the group can be held guilty of the offences committed (vandalism and arson) because they were part of the unlawful assembly with a common object that led to these actions.

Example 2:

During a community festival, a group of 15 individuals decides to confront a rival group over a long-standing dispute. The confrontation escalates, and one member of the group pulls out a weapon and injures someone from the rival group. Although only one person used the weapon, all members of the group can be held guilty of the offence of causing injury under Section 190 of The Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita 2023, as they were part of the unlawful assembly with a common object that led to the injury.