Section 61 of BNS : Section 61: Criminal conspiracy.

Explanation using Example

Example 1:

Ravi and Suresh plan to rob a bank. They agree to meet at a specific location to discuss the details and assign roles. Ravi is supposed to disable the security system, while Suresh will handle the cash. They purchase tools and masks for the robbery. Even though they haven't yet committed the robbery, their agreement and preparatory actions constitute a criminal conspiracy under Section 61 of The Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita 2023. If caught, they can be punished as if they had abetted the robbery.

Example 2:

Priya and Anil agree to cheat in their university exams by hacking into the university's computer system to obtain the question papers. They plan to use a software program to break into the system. Priya buys the software, and Anil gathers information about the university's computer network. Although they haven't yet hacked into the system, their agreement and preparatory actions amount to a criminal conspiracy. If caught, they can be punished with imprisonment for up to six months, a fine, or both, as their conspiracy involves an act that is not punishable with death, life imprisonment, or rigorous imprisonment for two years or more.