Section 193 to 209 of BNSS : Section 193 to 209

Explanation using Example

Example 1:

Scenario: Ramesh is the owner of a large piece of land in a village. One day, a riot breaks out on his land, but he does not inform the authorities about it.

Applicable Section: Section 193 (1)

Offence: Owner or occupier of land not giving information of riot, etc.

Punishment: Fine of 1,000 rupees.

Cognizable or Non-cognizable: Non-cognizable

Bailable or Non-bailable: Bailable

By what Court triable: Any Magistrate

Explanation: Ramesh, as the owner of the land, is legally required to inform the authorities about the riot. His failure to do so results in a fine of 1,000 rupees.

Example 2:

Scenario: During a religious festival, two groups in a town start fighting, causing a public disturbance. Suresh, a local shopkeeper, encourages the fight by shouting inflammatory remarks.

Applicable Section: Section 196 (1)

Offence: Promoting enmity between different groups on ground of religion, race, place of birth, residence, language, etc., and doing acts prejudicial to maintenance of harmony.

Punishment: Imprisonment for 3 years, or fine, or both.

Cognizable or Non-cognizable: Cognizable

Bailable or Non-bailable: Non-bailable

By what Court triable: Magistrate of the first class

Explanation: Suresh's actions of promoting enmity between the groups are punishable by up to 3 years of imprisonment, a fine, or both. The offence is cognizable and non-bailable, meaning the police can arrest him without a warrant, and he cannot be easily released on bail.

Example 3:

Scenario: A public servant, Rajesh, is supposed to follow a legal directive to ensure the safety of a community during a festival. However, he intentionally ignores the directive, leading to injuries among the attendees.

Applicable Section: Section 198

Offence: Public servant disobeying direction of the law with intent to cause injury to any person.

Punishment: Simple imprisonment for 1 year, or fine, or both.

Cognizable or Non-cognizable: Non-cognizable

Bailable or Non-bailable: Bailable

By what Court triable: Magistrate of the first class

Explanation: Rajesh's intentional disobedience of the legal directive, which resulted in injuries, is punishable by up to 1 year of simple imprisonment, a fine, or both. The offence is non-cognizable and bailable, meaning he cannot be arrested without a warrant and can be released on bail.

Example 4:

Scenario: During a court proceeding, Anil, who has been summoned to appear, deliberately avoids the summons by hiding and not attending the court.

Applicable Section: Section 206 (b)

Offence: If summons or notice require attendance in person, etc., in a Court.

Punishment: Simple imprisonment for 6 months, or fine of 10,000 rupees, or both.

Cognizable or Non-cognizable: Non-cognizable

Bailable or Non-bailable: Bailable

By what Court triable: Any Magistrate

Explanation: Anil's deliberate avoidance of the court summons is punishable by up to 6 months of simple imprisonment, a fine of 10,000 rupees, or both. The offence is non-cognizable and bailable, meaning he cannot be arrested without a warrant and can be released on bail.

Example 5:

Scenario: A person, Vikram, falsely claims to be a police officer and uses this false identity to intimidate a shopkeeper into giving him free goods.

Applicable Section: Section 204

Offence: Personating a public servant.

Punishment: Imprisonment for not less than 6 months but which may extend to 3 years and fine.

Cognizable or Non-cognizable: Cognizable

Bailable or Non-bailable: Non-bailable

By what Court triable: Any Magistrate

Explanation: Vikram's act of falsely claiming to be a police officer to intimidate the shopkeeper is punishable by imprisonment of 6 months to 3 years and a fine. The offence is cognizable and non-bailable, meaning the police can arrest him without a warrant, and he cannot be easily released on bail.