Section 168 to 192 of BNSS : Section 168 to 192

Explanation using Example

Example 1:

Scenario: Ramesh, a civilian, is found wearing a military uniform and carrying a badge that is typically used by soldiers.

Applicable Section: Section 168

Offence: Wearing garb or carrying token used by soldier, sailor or airman.

Punishment: Imprisonment for 3 months, or fine of 2,000 rupees, or both.

Legal Process: This is a cognizable and bailable offence, and Ramesh can be tried by any Magistrate.

Outcome: Ramesh could be arrested by the police without a warrant due to the cognizable nature of the offence. He can apply for bail and, if found guilty, may face imprisonment, a fine, or both.

Example 2:

Scenario: Priya, a candidate in the local elections, is caught bribing voters to secure their votes.

Applicable Section: Section 173

Offence: Bribery

Punishment: Imprisonment for 1 year or fine, or both, or if treating only, fine only.

Legal Process: This is a non-cognizable and bailable offence, and Priya can be tried by a Magistrate of the first class.

Outcome: Since the offence is non-cognizable, the police cannot arrest Priya without a warrant. She can apply for bail and, if found guilty, may face imprisonment, a fine, or both.

Example 3:

Scenario: During the election campaign, Rajesh spreads false information about his opponent.

Applicable Section: Section 175

Offence: False statement in connection with an election

Punishment: Fine

Legal Process: This is a non-cognizable and bailable offence, and Rajesh can be tried by a Magistrate of the first class.

Outcome: Rajesh cannot be arrested without a warrant. If found guilty, he will be fined as per the court's decision.

Example 4:

Scenario: A group of five people, including Suresh, is found assembling unlawfully with the intent to protest violently.

Applicable Section: Section 189 (2)

Offence: Being member of an unlawful assembly

Punishment: Imprisonment for 6 months, or fine, or both

Legal Process: This is a cognizable and bailable offence, and Suresh can be tried by any Magistrate.

Outcome: Suresh can be arrested by the police without a warrant. He can apply for bail and, if found guilty, may face imprisonment, a fine, or both.

Example 5:

Scenario: Anil is caught with counterfeit currency notes and is trying to use them as genuine.

Applicable Section: Section 179

Offence: Using as genuine forged or counterfeit coin, Government stamp currency-notes or bank-notes

Punishment: Imprisonment for life, or imprisonment for 10 years and fine

Legal Process: This is a cognizable and non-bailable offence, and Anil can be tried by the Court of Session.

Outcome: Anil can be arrested by the police without a warrant. He cannot apply for bail easily due to the non-bailable nature of the offence. If found guilty, he may face life imprisonment or imprisonment for up to 10 years along with a fine.

Example 6:

Scenario: During a riot, Sunil provokes the crowd with the intent to cause more violence.

Applicable Section: Section 192

Offence: Wantonly giving provocation with intent to cause riot, if rioting be committed

Punishment: Imprisonment for 1 year, or fine, or both

Legal Process: This is a cognizable and bailable offence, and Sunil can be tried by any Magistrate.

Outcome: Sunil can be arrested by the police without a warrant. He can apply for bail and, if found guilty, may face imprisonment, a fine, or both.