Section 168 of BNSS : Section 168: Police to prevent cognizable offences.

Explanation using Example

Example 1:

Scenario: A police officer is patrolling a neighborhood late at night and notices a group of individuals attempting to break into a closed shop.

Application of the Act:

• The police officer, under Section 168 of The Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita 2023, has the authority to intervene immediately.
• The officer approaches the group, identifies himself, and orders them to stop their actions.
• The officer then detains the individuals and calls for backup to ensure the situation is under control.
• By doing so, the officer prevents the commission of a cognizable offence (attempted burglary).

Example 2:

Scenario: During a festival, a police officer observes a person in a crowded market acting suspiciously and trying to pickpocket from a passerby.

Application of the Act:

• The police officer, as per Section 168, is obligated to prevent the crime to the best of his ability.
• The officer quickly intervenes by apprehending the suspect before the theft can occur.
• The officer then takes the suspect to the police station for further questioning and legal action.
• This action prevents the commission of a cognizable offence (theft) and protects the public.

Example 3:

Scenario: A police officer receives a tip-off about a planned illegal gathering that could potentially lead to a riot.

Application of the Act:

• The officer, under the authority of Section 168, takes immediate steps to prevent the gathering.
• The officer coordinates with other police units to increase patrols in the area and sets up checkpoints to deter the gathering.
• The officer also engages with community leaders to dissuade people from participating in the illegal activity.
• These preventive measures help in averting a potential cognizable offence (rioting).

Example 4:

Scenario: A police officer on duty at a railway station notices a person trying to tamper with the railway tracks.

Application of the Act:

• The officer, empowered by Section 168, acts swiftly to stop the individual.
• The officer detains the person and secures the area to prevent any further tampering.
• The officer then informs the railway authorities and ensures that the tracks are inspected for safety.
• This intervention prevents a cognizable offence (sabotage) and ensures public safety.

Example 5:

Scenario: A police officer is informed about a group of people planning to engage in illegal mining activities in a remote area.

Application of the Act:

• The officer, as per Section 168, organizes a team to conduct a surprise raid on the location.
• The team arrives at the site and apprehends the individuals involved before they can start the illegal mining.
• The officer also seizes the equipment and materials intended for the illegal activity.
• This proactive approach prevents the commission of a cognizable offence (illegal mining).