Section 6 of BNSS : Section 6: Classes of Criminal Courts.

Explanation using Example

Example 1:

Ravi is accused of theft in Mumbai, Maharashtra. His case is initially heard by a Judicial Magistrate of the first class. The Magistrate finds enough evidence to proceed with the trial and commits the case to the Sessions Court. The Sessions Court, which has the authority to handle more serious criminal cases, will now conduct the trial and deliver the final judgment.

Example 2:

Priya is involved in a minor altercation in a small town in Uttar Pradesh. The police file a charge sheet against her for causing a public nuisance. Her case is heard by a Judicial Magistrate of the second class, who has the jurisdiction to handle less serious offenses. The Magistrate reviews the evidence, hears the arguments, and imposes a fine on Priya as a penalty.

Example 3:

In a village in Tamil Nadu, there is a dispute between two families over a piece of land. The situation escalates, and the local police are called to prevent any violence. The Executive Magistrate, who has the authority to maintain law and order, issues a restraining order to both families, preventing them from coming near the disputed land until the matter is resolved in a civil court.

Example 4:

A high-profile corruption case involving a government official in Delhi is brought before the High Court. The High Court, which has the highest authority in the state, takes cognizance of the case due to its serious nature and the involvement of a high-ranking official. The High Court will oversee the proceedings and ensure that justice is served.