Section 39 of IEA : Section 39: What evidence to be given when statement from part of a conversation, document, electronic record, book or series of letters or papers.

Explanation using Example

Example 1:

Scenario: A dispute arises over a contract between two parties, Mr. Sharma and Mr. Verma. Mr. Sharma claims that Mr. Verma agreed to certain terms during a phone conversation, which Mr. Sharma recorded.

Application of Section 39: In court, Mr. Sharma presents a part of the recorded conversation where Mr. Verma agrees to the terms. However, Mr. Verma argues that the agreement was conditional and that the full conversation provides necessary context.

Court's Decision: The court decides that to understand the true nature and effect of Mr. Verma's statement, it is necessary to listen to the entire conversation, not just the part presented by Mr. Sharma. Therefore, the court orders that the full recording be submitted as evidence.

Example 2:

Scenario: Ms. Gupta is accused of fraud based on an email she sent to her business partner, Mr. Singh. The prosecution presents a single email where Ms. Gupta appears to admit to fraudulent activities.

Application of Section 39: Ms. Gupta's defense argues that the email is part of a longer chain of emails that provide context to her statement,...

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