Article 253 of CoI : Article 253: Legislation for giving effect to international agreements.
CoI
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Explanation using Example
Example 1:
India signs an international treaty on climate change with several other countries. The treaty requires all signatory countries to reduce their carbon emissions by a certain percentage within a specified timeframe. To implement this treaty, the Indian Parliament enacts a new law called the "Climate Change Mitigation Act." This law sets forth regulations and guidelines for industries to reduce their carbon emissions, imposes penalties for non-compliance, and establishes a monitoring body to oversee the implementation of these measures across the country. Despite environmental regulations typically being a state subject, Parliament uses its power under Article 253 to ensure the treaty's obligations are met uniformly across all states.
Example 2:
India participates in an international conference on human trafficking and agrees to a convention that mandates stricter laws and better protection for victims. To fulfill this international commitment, the Indian Parliament passes the "Anti-Human Trafficking Act." This act includes provisions for harsher punishments for traffickers, comprehensive support systems for victims, and enhanced cooperation between states and international bodies. Even though law enforcement is generally a state matter, Parliament exercises its authority under Article 253 to create a cohesive national framework to combat human trafficking, ensuring that India's international obligations are met.